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The fantastic assumption, or fantastic idea, is the basic element of the fantasy genre. It consists in introducing into the work a factor that does not occur or is impossible in the real world in which the reader lives, or the characters of the work (“assuming” its existence in the setting of the work).

The fantastic assumption is opposed to the realistic assumption: fiction that does not contradict the possible, which is used in realistic fiction. At the same time, the remaining elements - the problematics, literary devices, plot construction - in fantastic works do not fundamentally differ from realistic ones.

A fantastic assumption is used to more fully reveal the problematics of the work, the characters' characters, by placing them in non-standard conditions; to propose scientific and non-scientific hypotheses; to create an exotic setting.